New Zealand Storm-petrel discovered breeding 50km from Auckland City
Researchers are elated to discover that the sparrow-sized New Zealand Storm-petrel, thought to be extinct until 2003, is breeding on Little Barrier Island Hauturu in the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park. The team of researchers is led by Chris Gaskin — Important Bird Area Programme Manager for Forest & Bird (BirdLife in New Zealand) — and Dr Matt Rayner from the University of Auckland. The seabird is listed as Critically Endangered by BirdLife on behalf of the IUCN Red List and finding the breeding site is vital for their conservation. Three specimens of the diminutive 35 g seabird were collected off New Zealand in the 1800s and are held by museums overseas. Since its rediscovery, there has been speculation as to where the species breeds.
The team camped on the Poor Knights Islands, Mokohinau Islands and Little Barrier Island, and used radio receivers to zero in on the breeding site. "It's like looking for a needle in the haystack," said Chris Gaskin. A critical breakthrough came last year when the project team found brood (incubation) patches on New Zealand Storm-petrels caught at sea. This determined the timing of incubation, the best time to find breeding birds on land. This year, 24 birds were caught at sea using specially designed net guns and small 1g radio transmitters were fitted to each bird. Automated receivers narrowed down the search. Team members, based at a remote camp on the north coast of the Little Barrier Island and using handheld receivers and spotlights, confirmed that birds were coming ashore under the cover of darkness and moving inland. This prompted moving the search area. Then, when a signal was picked up of a bird stationary in forest at night, team members were able to get a clear fix on where that site was. Dr Rayner says: "The site being monitored is very fragile and with birds at a delicate stage in their breeding cycle. We are using automated equipment for the most part and maintaining a hands-off approach, although team members visiting the vicinity have also been keeping watch."
New Zealand Storm Petrel, New Zealand (Photo: Ray Wilson)
"On Friday morning a bird was discovered on the ground, possibly having just left its burrow. At the same time team members detected another bird, this one most probably on a nest," said Chris Gaskin. "It's an amazing result for our enthusiastic and dedicated team."
Members of the research team will remain on the island over the coming weeks. Aerial surveys are also being used to try to establish the distribution and size of the population. The Hauraki Gulf Forum is about to publish a Hauraki Gulf seabird management strategy and research plan drawing on the work of Chris Gaskin and Dr Rayner and New Zealand and international collaborators. Chair of the Hauraki Gulf Forum, John Tregidga, said that locating the breeding ground was internationally significant and further highlighted the importance of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park as a globally significant biodiversity hotspot.
Dr Rayner, a Little Barrier Island trustee, said that the discovery reiterated the importance of careful management of conservation jewels, such as Little Barrier Island and surrounding marine environments. The project has been funded this year by grants from the Mohammed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, the BirdLife International Community Conservation Fund, The Little Barrier Island Hauturu Supporters Trust and ASB Trust, Auckland Council, Forest & Bird Central Auckland Branch and Peter Harrison/Zegrahm Expeditions, with further support from the Department of Conservation, Hauraki Gulf Forum and Landcare Research.
