Swallows, martins

Hirundinidae

Taxonomy Version: IOC 10.2
family
Taxonomy Ranking
Level Rank Scientific Name

Swallows and martins are distinctive, familiar birds with long wings, short, broad bills and a streamlined shape that aids their specialised feeding technique of catching insects on the wing. Long-tailed species are generally termed "swallows" and short-tailed species "martins", though the distinction is unscientific and not 100% applicable. Species occur on all continents except Antarctica. They tend to nest either in cavities (excavated or existing), or in distinctive nests built mainly of mud, sometimes on buildings. Most hirundines in temperate areas are summer visitors, migrating to warmer areas for the non-breeding season.

  • Mangrove Swallow - Puntarenas © Derek Moore

  • Mangrove Swallow - Puntarenas © Derek Moore

  • Tree Swallow - Alaska © Derek Moore

  • Tree Swallow - Missouri © Graeme Stephen

  • Violet-green Swallow - Canada © Brian Avent

  • Violet-green Swallow - United States © Matthew Mellor

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Scientific Name English Name Rank Rarity (UK) Image
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